Why Choose VGD in Miami?

Vargas Gonzalez Delombard LLP is a Florida-based litigation firm with a strong national reputation in complex insurance recovery and executive liability disputes. Our experienced attorneys represent corporate officers and entities in significant D&O matters, including regulatory investigations and multimillion-dollar claims. With a team of former in-house insurance counsel and renowned trial lawyers, we advise clients in finance, real estate, healthcare, technology, and cross-border operations, effectively navigating the dynamics of Miami’s global business landscape.

Executive Risk Management and D&O Coverage in South Florida

Corporate leadership faces constant scrutiny in Miami’s high-stakes regulatory environment, which is defined by a dense concentration of financial institutions, healthcare systems, real estate developers, and international businesses.

Executives and board members here regularly contend with:

  • SEC inquiries
  • OFAC investigations
  • DOJ subpoenas
  • Whistleblower complaints under the False Claims Act
  • Aggressive plaintiffs pursuing derivative claims

A core element of that strategy is Directors and Officers (D&O) Insurance, a specialized form of liability insurance that protects corporate leaders from personal financial loss arising from decisions made in their official capacity. It also shields the corporation itself when it is legally obligated to indemnify those individuals.

D&O policies typically respond to allegations of breach of fiduciary duty, regulatory violations, misstatements, mismanagement, and securities-related claims—all of which are increasingly common in South Florida’s litigious and internationally connected market.

Under Florida law, corporate indemnification is permitted—and sometimes required—under Fla. Stat. § 607.0850, provided the executive acted in good faith and in the corporation's best interests. However, indemnification is prohibited when the individual is found to have engaged in intentional misconduct or derived improper personal benefit.

That’s where D&O insurance bridges the gap, providing critical protection when:

  • Indemnification is legally barred
  • The company is financially unable to indemnify
  • A claim targets the individual executive directly


D&O coverage is typically divided into three components:

  • Side A: Covers individual directors and officers personally when the company cannot indemnify—essential in bankruptcy or derivative lawsuits.
  • Side B: Reimburses the corporation when it indemnifies its executives.
  • Side C: Covers the entity itself, typically in securities or regulatory claims that name the company alongside its leadership.

At Vargas Gonzalez Delombard LLP, we work with Miami’s executive teams, compliance officers, and outside counsel to integrate D&O coverage into a layered protection strategy—aligning it with cyber, professional liability (E&O), employment practices liability (EPLI), and regulatory risk management. Our goal is to ensure that your coverage structure doesn’t crack when the pressure hits.

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Common D&O Claims in Miami

Miami’s international economic connections increase exposure to Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) investigations and OFAC sanctions enforcement. Other claims include:

  • Breach of fiduciary duty in real estate and condo association boards
  • Misrepresentations in private placement memoranda
  • Health care fraud and regulatory non-compliance
  • Allegations under the Florida Deceptive and Unfair Trade Practices Act (FDUTPA)
  • Cyber breach failures involving Latin American or cross-border data

Legal Framework Governing D&O in Florida

D&O claims in South Florida frequently arise in federal courts and involve overlapping civil, regulatory, and sometimes criminal implications, demanding early, strategic legal response and policy interpretation.

The following also come into play:

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D&O Coverage Disputes We Commonly Litigate

  • Denials based on “prior acts” or “fraud exclusions”
  • Allocation of defense costs across covered/uncovered claims
  • Late-notice denials under claims-made policy frameworks
  • Insurer delays in advancing costs during regulatory probes
  • Excess carrier refusals in tower structures involving foreign subsidiaries

How Miami Companies Can Reduce Litigation Risk

  1. Use bilingual indemnification agreements and policies where cross-border operations exist
  2. Build Side A-only layers for insolvency and enforcement scenarios
  3. Incorporate cyber and regulatory investigation riders
  4. Review insurance provisions in joint ventures and partnerships
  5. Secure coverage counsel during underwriting—not just post-claim
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What VGD Offers in Miami

Coverage Evaluation and Enhancements

  • We conduct detailed reviews of D&O policies to identify language that may limit protection for South Florida-based executives, particularly in high-risk industries like finance, real estate development, healthcare, and international trade
  • Our attorneys assess definitions of “claim,” carve-outs for regulatory investigations, prior acts exclusions, and the scope of Side A protections
  • We also work with clients to negotiate policy endorsements that address regional realities, such as cross-border liability, bilingual operations, OFAC exposure, and whistleblower activity under the False Claims Act

Independent Legal Strategy

  • We are not insurance brokers, intermediaries, or risk consultants—we are litigators first and foremost
  • That independence allows us to provide conflict-free legal advice focused solely on your best interests
  • Our firm does not sell policies or accept commissions from insurers
  • Instead, we bring an adversarial lens to policy interpretation and enforcement, ensuring that your coverage is both sufficient before a claim arises and aggressively defended if challenged

Assertive Recovery Tactics

  • When insurers delay, deny, or underpay D&O claims, we take immediate legal action
  • Our attorneys have litigated in both Miami-Dade Circuit Court and the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida, including in cases involving major financial institutions, healthcare systems, and multinational corporate boards
  • We pursue full recovery of defense costs, settlements, and judgments, along with statutory bad faith damages when warranted under Fla. Stat. § 624.155
  • Whether through negotiation, mediation, or trial, we bring a relentless, courtroom-ready approach that insurers know and respect

Other Potential Damages and Awards

  • Defense costs wrongfully denied
  • Reimbursement for settlements or judgments
  • Attorneys’ fees in successful enforcement actions

FAQ's

Can a director of a foreign-owned Miami company be sued in Florida?

Are regulatory investigations into Medicare or Medicaid covered?

Does Florida law protect board members in HOA or condo associations?

What if an insurer denies based on a “fraud exclusion”?

Is OFAC-related exposure covered?

What is the role of “final adjudication” language in fraud or misconduct exclusions?

How do D&O policies handle whistleblower claims under the False Claims Act (FCA)?

Are there special considerations for D&O coverage in real estate syndications and private REITs?

Can D&O insurance cover SEC subpoenas or informal inquiries before formal charges are filed?

Can a director of a foreign-owned Miami company be sued in Florida?

Yes. Courts will assert jurisdiction if Florida is the locus of harm or governance, even if the parent entity is abroad.

Are regulatory investigations into Medicare or Medicaid covered?

Sometimes. Certain D&O policies include coverage for informal investigations, but exact language matters. Enhancement endorsements may be needed.

Does Florida law protect board members in HOA or condo associations?

Yes, but limited. D&O coverage is essential for personal asset protection.

What if an insurer denies based on a “fraud exclusion”?

They must typically advance defense costs until fraud is proven, not merely alleged.

Is OFAC-related exposure covered?

Not always. D&O policies often exclude sanctions violations, though some carve-outs exist. We help clients negotiate customized endorsements.

What is the role of “final adjudication” language in fraud or misconduct exclusions?

Many D&O policies exclude coverage for intentional fraud or illegal conduct, but often require a 'final adjudication' to apply these exclusions. This ensures defense costs are covered during unresolved investigations or lawsuits.

How do D&O policies handle whistleblower claims under the False Claims Act (FCA)?

Whistleblower claims against a company's executives for regulatory violations—like Medicare fraud—may be covered by D&O policies, especially during civil or administrative proceedings. However, many policies exclude intentional misconduct or fines, so early legal review is crucial.

Are there special considerations for D&O coverage in real estate syndications and private REITs?

Miami's real estate market has many syndicates and private REITs facing investor claims or fiduciary breach allegations. We advise real estate boards on structuring D&O coverage to reduce entity and personal risks in light of Florida's litigation trends.

Can D&O insurance cover SEC subpoenas or informal inquiries before formal charges are filed?

Many policies define a 'claim' narrowly, often excluding pre-charge investigations. Enhanced policies may cover informal investigations and subpoenas. In South Florida, where SEC scrutiny is common, we negotiate broader 'claim' definitions for earlier protection.

Your Defense Starts With the Right Coverage

Whether defending a multinational board against SEC scrutiny, helping a startup founder navigate investor litigation, or recovering denied D&O benefits after a whistleblower claim, VGD brings precision, authority, and cultural fluency to every engagement. Our local roots and courtroom experience make us the firm Florida executives turn to when their careers and reputations are on the line. Contact us today to book your case evaluation.

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